Myxomas

Myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors, most frequently located in the left atrium.

Presents with:- 

1. Valve obstruction symptoms (mitral valve obstruction leads to dyspnea, orthopnea, PND, cough and hemoptysis due to pulmonary edema); Tumor plop is heard (i.e. diastolic rumbling) on auscultation due to valve obstruction.

2. Thromboembolic symptoms.

3. Constitutional symptoms (fever, weight loss).

Diagnosis:- 

1. CBC shows leukocytosis.

2. Inflammatory markers (e.g. CRP and ESR) are elevated.

3. ECG shows atrial arrhythmias (e.g. atrial flutter, atrial fibrillation).

4. Echocardiography (TEE>TTE) shows mass commonly located on the mitral annulus or the fossa ovalis border of the interatrial septum of the left atrium. 

5. Cardiac MRI shows detailed anatomic size and location of myxomas.

6. Coronary angiography 

 

Treatment:- Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment if signs of obstruction or embolism are present.

Carney complex is an AD disorder characterized by @LAMB (lentigines, atrial myxoma, mucocutaneous myxoma, blue nevi) and multiple endocrine neoplasms.